Issue 15 (2014, 3) Summary

ARTICULT #15 (3-2014)

SUMMARY

FROM COLLECTIONING TO PHILOSOPHY

ALL THE THINGS IN THE WORLD: THE “UNIVERSAL ENCYCLOPEDIA” BY JOHANN HEINRICH ALSTED AND “PANSOPHIA” BY JOHN AMOS COMENIUS
UDC 1(091)
Author: Osminskaya Nataliya,PhD, lecturer at Faculty of Philosophy at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, specialist in the history of European philosophy (Leibnitz and his sources) and in the history of European art (museums and collections), e-mail: nataliya.osminskaya@mail.ru
Summary: The paper gives a review of theological, gnoseological and logical aspects of the two most ambitious encyclopedic projects of the 17th century: Encyclopedia by Johann Heinrich Alsted and Pansophia by John Amos Comenius. The main attention is payed to the transformation of the idea of the universal science and natural theology from its ontological version under the influence of the Lullian “ars magna” in the work of Alsted to the curious combination of the rationalism and sensualism by Comenius and young Leibniz.
Keywords: encyclopedia, universal science, universal harmony, first principles, classification of the sciences

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“OUTSIDE THE WORLD”: LIMITS OF ANTROPOCENTRISM IN ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY
UDC 140.8
Author: Levina Tatiana, PhD, reader in philosophy at the Faculty of Philosophy at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, e-mail: tvlevina@hse.ru
Summary: The theme of the article is the critique of anthropocentrism in Platonist terms. Argumentative  “limit” of anthropology are environmental issues, the most pressing issues of our time. The article analyzes “deep ecology”, which is associated with the philosophy of Heidegger, which seen as critical in relation to anthropology.
Keywords: anthropocentrism, deep ecology, Heidegger, metaphysics, platonism

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GRAMMAR AS REGISTER AT THE SCALE OF LIBERAL ARTS: INTERPRETING OLD AGE FROM AUGUSTINE TO GAZA
UDC 81'25
Author: Markov Alexander, Dr.Habil. in philology, assistant professor, Chair of the Cinema and Contemporary Art Studies, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH, Moscow, Russia), e-mail: markovius@gmail.com
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6874-1073
Summary: The article examines the transformation of the grammar in the Renaissance as the basis of effective diplomatic skills. We prove the contribution to this process of the heritage of Byzantine theology. The transition from a theological argument to a grammatical one was affected with the Council of Florence and the acquaintance of the Greeks with the writings of Cicero and Augustine. The question is how the grammatical art was subject to the requirements of mimesis, and how the notion of mimesis in the grammar has changed under the influence of the social practices of humanists of Greek origin.
Keywords: grammar, mimesis, theory of art, theory of translation, Cicero, Augustine, Theodorus Gaza

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DECODING SURREALISM
UDC 7.037.5
Author: Revina Daria, student of the MA program “Art of the Cinema”, Faculty of the History of Art, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH, Moscow, Russia), e-mail: daria.revina@gmail.com
Summary: The article is devoted to identification of images and their interaction in surrealism as avant-garde movement. Analyzing critical attempts to systematize surrealistic images we clarify that simple typology is not relevant. In spite of the fact that large number surrealistic images still remain terra incognita for interpretation, they could be decoded according to general rules of success in creating surrealist images. We propose some techniques to decode surrealistic images.
Keywords: surrealism, image, interpretation

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CINEMA AND IDENTITY: NEWPERSPECTIVES

THE PROBLEM OF REPRESENTATION OF HISTORICAL PERSON IN THE FILM “JEANNE LA PUCELLE” BY JACQUES RIVETTE
UDC 791.43-24
Author: Sagaacheva Valeriya, student of the MA program “Art of the Cinema”, Faculty of the History of Art, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH, Moscow, Russia), e-mail: sagaacheva@gmail.com
Summary: The deconstruction of myths, historical inquiry (monographs) of Medievalists is a "field", which allows a Director to his own vision of Joan of Arc. The author's discourse is detected at the visual level, when the Director considers the human treats of French heroine, in the minds of common people dispersed to the huge number of mythological images.
Keywords: image, myth, deconstruction, history, Joan of Arc

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SYNTHESIS OF TECHNIQUES OF ANIMATION, COLLAGE AND INSTALLATION IN THE JAN SVANKMAJER CINEMA
UDC 791.43-2
Author: Kozlova Anastasia, student of the MA program “Art of the Cinema”, Faculty of the History of Art, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH, Moscow, Russia), e-mail: kozlova.anastasia8@gmail.com
Summary: The article discusses animation techniques of Czech artist Jan Svankmajer and aesthetic features of his method in interconnection with the collage technique and art installation. The proposed method for the study of the artist's work allowed us to determine the constant connection of his cinema not only with surrealism and contemporary Czech animation, but also to trace the influence of the techniques of static arts on the movies. The analysis shows contacts and connections of artist’s tactile experiments with the construction of cinematic visual sequences. This article attempts to typify the key kinds of objects and methods of representation of the objective environment in Svankmajer’s works, and to prove specifics of applying collage techniques in his films.
Keywords: Jan Svankmajer, animation, collage, art-installation, surrealism, tactile art

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PICTURESQUE TRADITION IN THE MOVIE “THE VILLAGE TEACHER” BY CINEMATOGRAPHER-CAMERAMAN SERGEY URUSEVSKIY
UDC 791.43-2
Author: Klimova Valeriya, student of the MA program “Art of the Cinema”, Faculty of the History of Art, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH, Moscow, Russia), e-mail: klimova06@gmail.com
Summary: The article analyses «The village teacher» movie in the context of the cameraman Sergey Urusevskiy pictural and graphic devices, used to build film frame structure. We distinguish several painting techniques in the movie: light and shadow as one of most important emotional, dramatic and psychological elements for the realisation of the main idea; lineal silhouette and graphic principles of composition; space asymmetry, openness and multidimensionality transferring in impressionistic manner. Ascetic graphic shots, as if drawn by light rays, intersperse impressionist shots, which were filmed outdoors in the natural perspective. We compare the film technique with Rembrandt, Favorsky and Monet oeuvres.
Keywords: film frames, cameraman, painter, pictural and graphic devices, light and shadow, impressionism,composition, perspective

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THE HISTORYOFART: DEVICE AND STYLE

TEMPLE CHARIOTS FOR THE RATHA-YATRA IN PURI. CONSTRUCTION, DECOR AND FIGURATIVE-SYMBOLIC MEANING
UDC 745.04(540)
Author: Grigorieva Maria, 5th year student of the Moscow State Academy of Industrial and Applied Arts named after S.G. Stroganov, e-mail: mar_gr2001@hotmail.com
Summary: Temple chariots for the Ratha-Yatra in Puri, associated with the cult of Jagannatha, are interesting research objects of decorative and applied arts of India. The idea of their design and decoration has a close relationship with the local architectural tradition. All elements of the symbolic chariot, and iconography rooted in ancient times.
Keywords: Temple chariots, the cult of Jagannath Ratha Yatra in Puri

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ALTAR SPACE AND ALTAR CHAPELS OF CHURCHES IN NORMANDY IN THE LATE GOTHIC PERIOD: VARIETY OF PLANNING AND STRUCTURE
UDC 7.033.5(430)3
Author: Pozdnyakova Marina, student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, e-mail: ilesttard1@gmail.com
Summary: From all cathedrals elements the altar space has the greatest meaning. The lighting of all temple and still more apse, is very important, because the Light plays an essential role in Christian architecture. The type of the choir with ambulatories and the ring of chapels is used everywhere in the Age of the Great Cathedrals; and we see the intercolumniation of the apse and the bright light from the large window of the central chapel on the main axis. In the Late Gothic period some churches appears (Saint-Maclou at Rouen, Saint-Pierre at Caen, Notre-Dame at Caudebec-en-Caux), which have the column of the apse on the main axis and we can say, that it contradicts the basic principles of Gothic architecture. This article talks about this unusual, abnormal decision, its structural and artistic characteristics.
Keywords: Late gothic style, French architecture, St. Maclou at Rouen, Saint-Pierre at Caen, Notre-Dame at Caudebec

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TRACES OF NARYSHKIN STYLE IN THE ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM OF THE ASSUMPTION CATHEDRAL IN THE ASTRAKHAN KREMLIN
UDC 726.5
Author: Savenkova Aleksandra, graduate student of Research institute of the theory and history of architecture and town planning of the Russian academy of architecture and construction sciences, e-mail: savenkovam@yandex.ru
Summary: In this article some aspects which influenced addition of architectural appearance of the Assumption Astrakhan Cathedral are considered. The specification of the place taken by this monument in the course of interpretation of a style orientation of the Russian architecture of the end of XVII – the beginning of the XVIII centuries is traced. The attention is focused on an originality of the cathedral architecture, developed not on a formal combination of sign details of naryshkinsky style, and by means of new composite system and modernization of traditional samples.
Keywords: astrakhan architecture, Cathedral of the Assumption, naryshkinsky style

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“CARTIER. LE STYLE ET L’HISTOIRE” IN PARIS: JEWELLERY IN THE EGYPTIAN STYLE
UDC 671.12
Author: Efimova Alina, researcher of art and art critic, postgraduate student in the State Institute of Art Studies (SIAS), research fellow in the State Tretyakov Gallery (Moscow, Russia), e-mail: efi2007alina@mail.ru
Summary: The exhibition of Cartier jewellery in Paris in 2013–2014. Jewels, accessories and clocks in the Egyptian style. Origins, description, analysis, analogies.
Keywords: jewellery, Cartier, jewels, Egypt, Egyptian style, exhibition

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FEMALE PORTRAITS OF THE SILVER AGE OF RUSSIAN CULTURE BY THE ARTIST E.A. KISELYOVA
UDC 7(041.5+071.1)
Author: Savenkova Inna, Ph.D student of the faculty of theory and history of art of the Ilya Glazunov Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. (Moscow, Russia), e-mail: savenkovam@yandex.ru
Summary: In article a number of the women portraits executed by the artist E.A. Kiselyova during the period of the Silver Age (early modernism) of Russian Culture, and also similar in idea and style her later works of the first half of the XX century are considered. We conclude on the specific of author's view on the psychological side of women portraits of contemporaries andtrack some special creative devices of E. Kiselyova's painting and graphics.
Keywords: Elena Kiselyova, Russian painting of the beginning of the 20 century, women portraits

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